Extra Question Class 8 Chapter 6  Confronting Marginalisation 

Q: What is the meaning of 'confronting marginalisation'?

A: Confronting marginalisation refers to actively addressing and challenging the social, economic, and political factors that contribute to the exclusion and oppression of marginalized groups in society.

Q: Name one example of a social movement aimed at confronting marginalisation in India.

A: The Dalit Panthers movement is an example of a social movement aimed at confronting marginalisation in India, particularly addressing the issues faced by Dalits.

Q: What is the significance of affirmative action policies in confronting marginalisation?

A: Affirmative action policies play a significant role in confronting marginalisation by providing opportunities and resources to marginalized groups, promoting their inclusion and empowerment in various spheres of society.

Q: How can education be a tool for confronting marginalisation?

A: Education can be a tool for confronting marginalisation by promoting awareness, critical thinking, and empowerment among marginalized individuals and communities, enabling them to challenge stereotypes, discrimination, and systemic inequalities.

Q: What role do civil society organizations play in confronting marginalisation?

A: Civil society organizations play a crucial role in confronting marginalisation by advocating for the rights and interests of marginalized groups, raising awareness, mobilizing communities, and pressuring governments and institutions to address systemic injustices.

Q: What is the role of legislative measures in confronting marginalisation?

A: Legislative measures play a crucial role in confronting marginalisation by enacting laws and policies that protect the rights and interests of marginalized groups, promote equality, and address systemic inequalities and discrimination.

Q: How does access to healthcare contribute to confronting marginalisation?

A: Access to healthcare contributes to confronting marginalisation by ensuring that marginalized individuals and communities receive essential medical services, preventive care, and treatment for illnesses, thereby improving their health outcomes and quality of life.

Q: Name one international organization involved in addressing global marginalisation issues.

A: The United Nations (UN) is one international organization involved in addressing global marginalisation issues through various agencies, programs, and initiatives aimed at promoting human rights, social justice, and sustainable development.

Q: What role does representation in decision-making bodies play in confronting marginalisation?

A: Representation in decision-making bodies plays a crucial role in confronting marginalisation by ensuring that marginalized groups have a voice and influence in shaping policies, programs, and practices that affect their lives, thereby promoting inclusivity, accountability, and democratic governance.

Q: How can media representation contribute to confronting marginalisation?

A: Media representation can contribute to confronting marginalisation by portraying marginalized groups and their issues accurately, sensitively, and inclusively, challenging stereotypes, biases, and discriminatory narratives, and amplifying diverse voices and perspectives.

Q: How do cultural practices contribute to marginalisation?

A: Cultural practices can contribute to marginalisation by reinforcing social norms, traditions, and customs that discriminate against certain groups based on factors such as caste, gender, ethnicity, or religion, thereby perpetuating inequalities and exclusion.

Q: What is the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in confronting marginalisation?

A: Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play a crucial role in confronting marginalisation by providing support, advocacy, and services to marginalized communities, raising awareness about their issues, mobilizing resources, and pressuring governments and institutions to address systemic injustices.

Q: How does land ownership impact marginalised communities?

A: Land ownership can impact marginalized communities significantly. Access to land is often a key determinant of socio-economic status and livelihood opportunities. Marginalized communities may face barriers to land ownership due to historical injustices, discriminatory laws, or land grabbing, leading to further marginalization and dispossession.

Q: What strategies can be employed to promote gender equality and confront gender-based marginalisation?

A: Strategies to promote gender equality and confront gender-based marginalisation include implementing laws and policies that protect women's rights, challenging patriarchal norms and stereotypes, investing in girls' education and women's empowerment, promoting women's participation in decision-making processes, and providing support services for survivors of gender-based violence.

Q: How does stigma and discrimination impact the mental health of marginalized individuals?

A: Stigma and discrimination can have detrimental effects on the mental health of marginalized individuals, leading to stress, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and social isolation. Discrimination can exacerbate existing mental health conditions and create barriers to accessing mental health services and support.

Long Answer Questions:

Q: Discuss the role of economic empowerment in confronting marginalisation.

A: Economic empowerment plays a significant role in confronting marginalisation by providing marginalized individuals and communities with access to resources, livelihood opportunities, and economic independence, thereby reducing poverty, inequality, and dependency. Economic empowerment initiatives, such as skill development programs, microfinance, and entrepreneurship support, help marginalized groups build sustainable livelihoods and enhance their socio-economic status.

Q: Explain the importance of building inclusive and accessible infrastructure in confronting marginalisation.

A: Building inclusive and accessible infrastructure is crucial for confronting marginalisation by ensuring that marginalized individuals and communities have equal access to essential services, public spaces, and facilities, regardless of their socio-economic status, physical abilities, or geographical location. Inclusive infrastructure promotes social inclusion, mobility, and participation, and reduces barriers to opportunities and services for marginalized groups.

Q: Discuss the role of education in promoting social awareness and empathy in confronting marginalisation.

A: Education plays a vital role in promoting social awareness and empathy in confronting marginalisation by fostering critical thinking, empathy, and understanding among individuals, challenging stereotypes, biases, and discriminatory attitudes, and encouraging active citizenship and social responsibility. Education empowers individuals to recognize and confront marginalisation, advocate for social justice, and contribute to building inclusive and equitable societies.

Q: Discuss the importance of addressing intersectionality in confronting marginalisation.

A: Addressing intersectionality is crucial in confronting marginalisation because it recognizes that individuals may experience multiple forms of discrimination and disadvantage based on intersecting factors such as race, gender, class, sexuality, and disability. Intersectional approaches highlight the complexity of marginalisation and the need to address overlapping inequalities and systemic injustices to promote inclusivity, equity, and social justice for all.

Q: Explain the concept of 'inclusive governance' and its role in confronting marginalisation.

A: Inclusive governance refers to the process of ensuring that decision-making processes, institutions, and policies are participatory, transparent, and responsive to the needs and interests of all members of society, including marginalized groups. Inclusive governance promotes social inclusion, accountability, and equity, and helps confront marginalisation by empowering marginalized communities to participate in decision-making, advocating for their rights, and holding governments and institutions accountable for addressing their needs and concerns.

Q: Discuss the role of international cooperation and solidarity in confronting global marginalisation.

A: International cooperation and solidarity are essential in confronting global marginalisation by fostering collaboration among countries, organizations, and individuals to address transnational issues such as poverty, inequality, climate change, and human rights violations. International cooperation can help mobilize resources, share best practices, build capacity, and advocate for policies and initiatives that promote social justice, equality, and sustainable development on a global scale.