Glimpses of the Past Chapter 3 Extra Questions for Class 8 English Honeydew
1. How did the East India Company expand its influence in India?
Answer: The East India Company extended its power in India by taking advantage of disunity among Indian princes, supporting them in conflicts, and subsequently gaining control.
2. Why were the Indian princes considered short-sighted?
Answer: The Indian princes lacked unity and fought among themselves. Seeking British support against each other without realizing the consequences showcased their short-sightedness.
3. In what ways did the British subdue the Indian princes?
Answer: The British capitalized on the rivalries among Indian princes, using their conflicts to weaken and eventually subdue them.
4. What were the diverse opinions of Indians regarding British rule in India?
Answer: Some Indians saw the British as agents of peace and even believed they were sent by a higher power, while others resented the loss of their kings and becoming subjects to foreigners.
5. How did India become socially superstitious? Discuss untouchability and child marriage.
Answere: Superstitions, including untouchability and child marriage, were propagated by religious leaders. These practices discriminated among castes and led to early marriages.
6. How did the British negatively impact farmers and businessmen in India?
Answer: The British imposed heavy taxes on farmers, causing land abandonment. Additionally, they favored British goods over Indian products, leading to the downfall of Indian industries.
7.What drove Raja Ram Mohan Roy's understanding of the country's issues? What was his message regarding religions?
Answer: Raja Ram Mohan Roy advocated against superstitions and highlighted the unity in the essence of various religions, comparing it to the milk of different-colored cows.
8. What drew Raja Ram Mohan Roy to England and what message did he convey there?
Answere: Raja Ram Mohan Roy was attracted by modern knowledge. In England, he advocated for mutual respect between the British as rulers and the Indians as subjects, emphasizing reciprocal duties.
9. Describe Regulation III and how British officers profited from it.
Answer: Regulation III allowed for the imprisonment of Indians without trial. British officers gained financially through hefty salaries and successful private businesses.
10 How did the British undermine India's cotton weavers?
Answer: The British imposed high taxes on Indian textile imports to England while keeping low tariffs on British textiles imported to India, causing the decline of Indian textile industries.
11: How did the British East India Company extend its dominance in India?
Answer: Lack of unity among Indians and internal conflicts among Indian princes facilitated the Company's expansion. They intervened in local disputes, aiding one prince against another, eventually gaining control.
12: Why were the Indian princes considered myopic?
Answer: The Indian princes lacked unity and engaged in constant conflicts. Seeking British support against each other without understanding the consequences showcased their myopic approach. Tipu Sultan, a visionary leader, valiantly fought against the British, but others fell to the Company's politics.
13: How did the British suppress Indian princes?
Answer: Internal disunity among Indian princes led to conflicts. One prince sought British aid to defeat rivals, inadvertently assisting the Company's agenda. The lack of foresight among these rulers allowed the East India Company to gradually subdue them.
14: What significant events occurred between 1855-57?
Answer: The period witnessed upheaval in Bengal due to the Santhals' land loss, leading to European and local supporter massacres. Sepoy Mangal Pandey's regiment faced execution. Rebels distributed chapattis, rallying support, and initiating a widespread call for service to their emperor.
15: What drove the 1857 Fight for Freedom?
Answer: Begum Hazrat Mahal and Maulvi Ahmedulia led uprisings against the British. Azimulla Khan advocated for Peshwa Nana Saheb's leadership. Kings and princes across North India united in battles against the British.
16: Who was Ram Mohan Roy?
Answer: Ram Mohan Roy, a Bengal scholar, identified India's issues, advocating for practical and scientific knowledge. His visit to England aimed to comprehend British strength and advised mutual responsibilities between rulers and subjects.
17: How did the British oppress Indians?
Answer: British oppression included Regulation III of 1818, allowing imprisonment without trial, suppressing dissent and controlling the populace.
18: What advice did Macaulay provide in 1835?
Answer: Macaulay proposed English education in place of Sanskrit and Persian, aiming to produce clerks for British offices.
19: What did English education yield?
Answer: English education produced a class of intellectuals advocating societal improvement. It provided job opportunities, raised societal status, and empowered individuals to voice concerns to the British Parliament.
20: Who was the visionary leader in the Company's conquests?
Answer: Tipu Sultan of Mysore exemplified visionary leadership, courageously opposing the British until his demise.
21: Who propagated untouchability during the British Rule?
Answer: Religious leaders spread teachings promoting untouchability and child marriage during British rule.
22: What beliefs were held regarding sea travel?
Answer: Religious teachings suggested loss of religion upon sea travel and attributed worldly miseries to women.
23: How did the British impact farmers?
Answer: British policies levied heavy taxes, compelling farmers to abandon lands for instant profits.
24: Definitions:
i) Martyrs of India's sacrifices.
ii) East India Company's extension of power.
iii) Tipu of Mysore's valiant fight.
iv) Religious leaders' preached concepts.
Answers:
i) India's martyrs' sacrifices.
ii) Expansion of the East India Company.
iii) Tipu of Mysore's courageous resistance.
iv) Teachings regarding untouchability and child marriage.
Question 15: Fill in the blanks:
i) Grieve the sacrifices of India's martyrs.
ii) The British East India Company expanded its power.
iii) The valiant Tipu of Mysore fought until the end.
iv) Religious leaders promoted untouchability.
26: Mention the following:
i) Prevalent social practices.
ii) Oppressive British policies.
iii) Ways common people suffered.
Answers:
i) Untouchability and child marriage were widespread.
ii) Regulation III permitted imprisonment without trial, while tax and trade policies favored British interests.
iii) Farmers endured heavy taxation, while skilled artisans faced mutilation to destroy their businesses.
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