ΔABC is an isosceles triangle in which AB = AC. Side BA is produced to D such that AD = AB (see Fig. 7.34). Show that ∠BCD is a right angle.

Solution:

It is given that AB = AC and AD = AB

We will have to now prove ∠BCD is a right angle.

Proof:

Consider ΔABC,

AB = AC (It is given in the question)

Also, ∠ACB = ∠ABC (They are angles opposite to the equal sides and so, they are equal)

Now, consider ΔACD,

AD = AB

Also, ∠ADC = ∠ACD (They are angles opposite to the equal sides and so, they are equal)

Now,

In ΔABC,

∠CAB + ∠ACB + ∠ABC = 180°

So, ∠CAB + 2∠ACB = 180°

⇒ ∠CAB = 180° – 2∠ACB — (i)

Similarly, in ΔADC,

∠CAD = 180° – 2∠ACD — (ii)

also,

∠CAB + ∠CAD = 180° (BD is a straight line.)

Adding (i) and (ii) we get,

∠CAB + ∠CAD = 180° – 2∠ACB+180° – 2∠ACD

⇒ 180° = 360° – 2∠ACB-2∠ACD

⇒ 2(∠ACB+∠ACD) = 180°

⇒ ∠BCD = 90°