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Class 8 | NCERT Solution Maths Chapter 9 | Algebraic Expressions and Identities | Exercise 9.4

 

Exercise 9.4 Page No: 148

1. Multiply the binomials.

(i) (2x + 5) and (4x – 3)

(ii) (y - 8) and (3y - 4)

(iii) (2.5l – 0.5m) and (2.5l + 0.5m)

(iv) (a + 3b) and (x + 5)

(v) (2pq + 3q2) and (3pq – 2q2)

(vi) (3/4 a2 + 3b2) and 4( a2 – 2/3 b2)

Solution :

(i) (2x + 5) (4x – 3)

=  2x  x  4x  –  2x  x 3 +  5  x  4x  –  5  x  3

8x² – 6x + 20x -15

8x² + 14x -15

ii) (y - 8) (3y - 4)

= yx 3y - 4y - 8 x 3y + 32

= 3y 2  - 4y - 24y + 32

= 3y 2  – 28y + 32

(iii) (2.5l – 0.5m)(2.5l + 0.5m)

2.5l x 2.5 l + 2.5l x 0.5m – 0.5m x 2.5l – 0.5m x 0.5m

= 6.25l 2 + 1.25 lm – 1.25 lm – 0.25 m 2

= 6.25l 2 – 0.25 m 2

iv) (a + 3b) (x + 5)

= ax + 5a + 3bx + 15b

c) (2pq + 3q 2 )  (3pq - 2q 2 )

= 2pq x 3pq – 2pq x 2q2 + 3q2 x 3pq – 3q2 x 2q2

= 6p 2 q 2  – 4pq 3  + 9pq 3  – 6q 4

= 6p 2 q 2  + 5pq 3  – 6q 4

(vi) (3/4 a² + 3b² ) and 4( a² – 2/3 b² )

=(3/4 a² + 3b² ) x 4( a² – 2/3 b² )

=(3/4 a² + 3b² ) x (4a² – 8/3 b² )

=3/4 a² x (4a² – 8/3 b² ) + 3b² x (4a² – 8/3 b² )

=3/4 a² x 4a² -3/4 a² x 8/3 b² + 3b² x 4a² – 3b² x 8/3 b²

=3a4 – 2a² b² + 12 a²  b² – 8b4

= 3a4 + 10a²  b² – 8b4

2. Find the product.

(i) (5 – 2x) (3 + x)

(ii) (x + 7y) (7x - y)

(iii) (a2+ b) (a + b2)

(iv) (p– q2) (2p + q)

Solution:

(i) (5 – 2x) (3 + x)

= 5 (3 + x) – 2x (3 + x)

=15 + 5x – 6x – 2x2

= 15 – x -2 x 2

(ii) (x + 7y) (7x - y)

= x (7x-y) + 7y (7x-y)

=7x2 – xy + 49xy – 7y2

= 7x2 – 7y2 + 48xy

iii) (a2+ b) (a + b2)

= a2  (a + b2) + b(a + b2)

= a 3  + a 2 b 2 + ab + b 3

= a 3  + b 3  + a 2 b 2 + ab

iv) (p2– q2) (2p + q)

= p(2p + q) – q2 (2p + q)

=2p 3  + p 2 q – 2pq 2  – q 3

= 2p 3  – q 3  + p 2 q – 2pq 2

3. Simplify.

(i) (x2– 5) (x + 5) + 25

(ii) (a 2 + 5) (b 3 + 3) + 5

(iii)(t + s2)(t2 – s)

(iv) (a + b) (c – d) + (a – b) (c + d) + 2 (ac + bd)

(v) (x + y) (2x + y) + (x + 2y) (x - y)

(vi) (x + y) (x 2 - xy + y 2 )

(vii) (1.5x - 4y) (1.5x + 4y + 3) - 4.5x + 12y

(Viii) (a + b + c) (a + b - c)

Solution :

i) (x2– 5) (x + 5) + 25

= x3 + 5x2 – 5x – 25 + 25

= x3 + 5x2 – 5x

ii) (a 2 + 5) (b 3 + 3) + 5

= a 2 b 3  + 3a 2  + 5b 3  + 15 + 5

= a 2 b 3  + 5b 3  + 3a 2  + 20

iii) (t + s2)(t2 – s)

t (t2 – s) + s2(t2 – s)

= t– st + s2t– s3

= t3 – s3 – st + s2t2

iv) (a + b) (c – d) + (a – b) (c + d) + 2 (ac + bd)

= (a + b) (c – d) + (a – b) (c + d) + 2 (ac + bd)

=(ac – ad + bc – bd) + (ac + ad – bc – bd) + (2ac + 2bd)

= ac – ad + bc – bd + ac + ad – bc – bd + 2ac + 2bd

= 4ac

v) (x + y) (2x + y) + (x + 2y) (x - y)

= 2x2 + xy + 2xy + y2 + x2 – xy + 2xy – 2y2

= 3x2 + 4xy – y2

vi) (x + y) (x 2 - xy + y 2 )

= x 3  – x 2 y + xy 2  + x 2 y – xy 2  + y 3

= x 3  + y 3

vii) (1.5x - 4y) (1.5x + 4y + 3) - 4.5x + 12y

= 2.25x2 + 6xy + 4.5x – 6xy – 16y2 – 12y – 4.5x + 12y = 2.25x2 – 16y2

viii) (a + b + c) (a + b - c)

= a2 + ab – ac + ab + b2 – bc + ac + bc – c2

= a 2  + b 2  – c 2  + 2ab

Maths Class 8 NCERT Solutions Chapter 9 Exercises
NCERT 8 Class Maths Solution Exercise 9.1 – 4 Questions (4 Short Answers)
NCERT 8 Class Maths Solution Exercise 9.2 – 5 Questions (5 Short Answers)
NCERT 8 Class Maths Solution Exercise 9.3 – 5 Questions (5 Short Answers)
NCERT 8 Class Maths Solution Exercise 9.4 – 3 Questions (3 Short Answers)
NCERT 8 Class Maths Solution Exercise 9.5 – 8 Questions (8 Short Answers)